Investasi Masa Depan: Membedah “Benteng” Pendidikan Gratis dan Intelektualitas Pemimpin di Iran

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Disadur dari wawancara

TEHERAN – Di saat banyak negara di dunia sedang bergelut dengan mahalnya biaya kuliah dan kenaikan harga buku, Iran justru mengambil langkah yang kontras. Pemerintah Iran menjadikan sektor pendidikan sebagai instrumen utama dalam menjaga stabilitas nasional dan kemandirian bangsa.

Pendidikan Gratis: Hak, Bukan Privilese

Pemerintah Iran mendanai hampir 90% anggaran pendidikan di negara tersebut. Program wajib belajar hingga tingkat menengah pertama (SMP) dijalankan secara gratis sepenuhnya bagi warga negara . Bahkan di tingkat pendidikan tinggi, universitas negeri di Iran tidak memungut biaya sekolah bagi mahasiswanya, dengan syarat lulusan tersebut mengabdi kepada pemerintah untuk jangka waktu tertentu .

Kebijakan ini menciptakan akses yang setara bagi seluruh lapisan masyarakat, memastikan bahwa kecerdasan tidak terhambat oleh keterbatasan ekonomi.

Dalam wawancara di kanal YouTube Abraham Samad SPEAK UP, Prof. Dr. Holid Alwalid,  mengisahkan beberapa hal fundamental dilakukan Iran selama menjalani embargo hingga menjadi negara kuat seperti sekarang ini.

Buku Murah: “Bensin” untuk Mesin Intelektual

Salah satu hal yang paling mengejutkan bagi pendatang atau pengamat asing adalah harga literatur di Iran. Buku-buku di sana dikenal sebagai yang termurah dibandingkan banyak negara lain. Hal ini disebabkan oleh:

  • Subsidi Percetakan: Pemerintah memberikan subsidi besar untuk kertas dan biaya cetak.
  • Cetak Ulang Massal: Banyak karya literatur dunia diterjemahkan dan dicetak ulang di dalam negeri dengan harga yang sangat terjangkau bagi kantong pelajar.

Hal ini mendukung budaya literasi yang sangat kuat, di mana buku menjadi kebutuhan pokok yang mudah diakses oleh semua kelas sosial.

Standar Intelektual Pemimpin: Syarat Minimal S2

Iran tidak main-main dalam urusan kualifikasi pejabat publik. Menjadi anggota parlemen (Majlis) di Iran, misalnya, memiliki persyaratan akademis yang ketat: kandidat harus minimal berpendidikan S2 (Master) dan berusia minimal 30 tahun [2.1].

Jika kita melihat jajaran eksekutif, tradisi intelektual ini bahkan lebih kental. Banyak pemimpin Iran yang memegang gelar Doktor (PhD) dari berbagai disiplin ilmu, mulai dari Filsafat Barat, Teknik Transportasi, hingga Hukum Internasional [4.2]. Sebagai contoh:

  • Mahmoud Ahmadinejad: Memiliki gelar PhD di bidang Teknik Transportasi.
  • Ali Larijani: Memiliki gelar PhD dalam Filsafat Barat (pakar pemikiran Immanuel Kant).

Sinergi Akademisi dan Praktisi

Pendekatan ini menciptakan gaya kepemimpinan yang berbasis pada data dan analisis akademik (meritocracy). Para pemimpin tidak hanya dipilih berdasarkan popularitas, tetapi juga kapasitas intelektual untuk memecahkan masalah negara yang kompleks di bawah tekanan global.

Must Read

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